新约 - 罗马书(Romans)第11章

I ask then: Did God reject his people? By no means! I am an Israelite myself, a descendant of Abraham, from the tribe of Benjamin.
God did not reject his people, whom he foreknew. Don't you know what the Scripture says in the passage about Elijah--how he appealed to God against Israel:
"Lord, they have killed your prophets and torn down your altars; I am the only one left, and they are trying to kill me"?
And what was God's answer to him? "I have reserved for myself seven thousand who have not bowed the knee to Baal."
So too, at the present time there is a remnant chosen by grace.
And if by grace, then it is no longer by works; if it were, grace would no longer be grace.
What then? What Israel sought so earnestly it did not obtain, but the elect did. The others were hardened,
as it is written: "God gave them a spirit of stupor, eyes so that they could not see and ears so that they could not hear, to this very day."
And David says: "May their table become a snare and a trap, a stumbling block and a retribution for them.
May their eyes be darkened so they cannot see, and their backs be bent forever."
Again I ask: Did they stumble so as to fall beyond recovery? Not at all! Rather, because of their transgression, salvation has come to the Gentiles to make Israel envious.
But if their transgression means riches for the world, and their loss means riches for the Gentiles, how much greater riches will their fullness bring!
I am talking to you Gentiles. Inasmuch as I am the apostle to the Gentiles, I make much of my ministry
in the hope that I may somehow arouse my own people to envy and save some of them.
For if their rejection is the reconciliation of the world, what will their acceptance be but life from the dead?
If the part of the dough offered as firstfruits is holy, then the whole batch is holy; if the root is holy, so are the branches.
If some of the branches have been broken off, and you, though a wild olive shoot, have been grafted in among the others and now share in the nourishing sap from the olive root,
do not boast over those branches. If you do, consider this: You do not support the root, but the root supports you.
You will say then, "Branches were broken off so that I could be grafted in."
Granted. But they were broken off because of unbelief, and you stand by faith. Do not be arrogant, but be afraid.
For if God did not spare the natural branches, he will not spare you either.
Consider therefore the kindness and sternness of God: sternness to those who fell, but kindness to you, provided that you continue in his kindness. Otherwise, you also will be cut off.
And if they do not persist in unbelief, they will be grafted in, for God is able to graft them in again.
After all, if you were cut out of an olive tree that is wild by nature, and contrary to nature were grafted into a cultivated olive tree, how much more readily will these, the natural branches, be grafted into their own olive tree!
I do not want you to be ignorant of this mystery, brothers, so that you may not be conceited: Israel has experienced a hardening in part until the full number of the Gentiles has come in.
And so all Israel will be saved, as it is written: "The deliverer will come from Zion; he will turn godlessness away from Jacob.
And this is my covenant with them when I take away their sins."
As far as the gospel is concerned, they are enemies on your account; but as far as election is concerned, they are loved on account of the patriarchs,
for God's gifts and his call are irrevocable.
Just as you who were at one time disobedient to God have now received mercy as a result of their disobedience,
so they too have now become disobedient in order that they too may now receive mercy as a result of God's mercy to you.
For God has bound all men over to disobedience so that he may have mercy on them all.
Oh, the depth of the riches of the wisdom and knowledge of God! How unsearchable his judgments, and his paths beyond tracing out!
"Who has known the mind of the Lord? Or who has been his counselor?"
"Who has ever given to God, that God should repay him?"
For from him and through him and to him are all things. To him be the glory forever! Amen.
罗马书第十一章   罗 11:1-36> 犹太人还在等待弥赛亚,那他们不是全都拒绝神的救恩? 

  11:1-36 本章里,保罗指出并非所有犹太人都拒绝神的救恩,其中仍有忠心的余民( 11:5 )。保罗本人就是犹太人,耶稣的门徒以及早期基督教的宣教士,绝大多数都是犹太人。 

  罗 11:2> 这个以利亚好熟悉,他是谁? 

  11:2 以利亚是列王时代北国以色列的先知,他大声疾呼,要求以色列人悔改。(参王上 18 章人物介绍) 

  罗 11:2> 既被拣选,不就全都得救了吗?你说真正的得救是…… 

  11:2 神拣选犹太人作为祂的子民,目的是要使世上其他民族都得以听闻救恩。但是这不表示犹太人因此就全部都能获得拯救,只有那些真心效忠神的才是真正的犹太人( 11:5 )。我们因信基督而得救,跟民族、宗派或家庭无关。请问你是靠耶稣还是靠其他事物得着救恩的呢? 

  罗 11:6> 有人会想因为我较其他人好,所以神拣选我,我也曾这样想…… 

  11:6 你曾这样想过吗?因为我是个好人,神就爱我多一些,某人的德行太差,神就不会拯救他;神拣选我,是因为我值得拣选。如果你真的这样想过,那你就没有真正明白救恩的真义,救恩是白白送给的礼物,不需要人付出什么代价,你只要存着感恩和赞美的心去领受就行了。 

  罗 11:7> 是神教他们不能见不能看?若是,人信不信,岂不是并非自己所选的? 

  11:7 “其余的就成了顽梗不化的”,是神对他们罪的惩罚。神惩罚他们,使他们看不见也听不到,因而不能悔改,这就是他们背叛神的后果。 

  罗 11:8-10> 心肠刚硬的人,后果如何你可知? 

  11:8-10 这三节经文引用了以赛亚先知的预言,指出心肠刚硬者应得的报应。人要是拒绝聆听神的福音,最终就无法明白福音。保罗在他的宣教旅程中,曾经目睹了这种情况。(第 8 节出自申 29:4 ;赛 29:10 ,第 9 至 10 节则引自诗 69:22-23 。) 

  罗 11:11-24> 犹太人与外邦人真正联合起来,在历史上好像看不到,这一天在何时? 

  11:11-24 保罗曾经看见过一个异象:所有的犹太人及外邦人都在一个教会内联合起来,彼此相爱,服从基督。他们既尊重神的律法,又认定基督是得救的惟一途径。在这个理想的教会内,最重要的是他们在基督里的信心。  但是保罗的异象并没有实现,许多犹太人没有顺服的心,所以拒绝福音。外邦的信徒成了基督教会的主要成员后,他们开始拒绝犹太人,甚至逼迫他们,这样不幸的事情不断地在历史上发生。外邦人跟犹太人之间的仇恨,使保罗的异象似乎难以实现;但是神既拣选了犹太人,又拣选了外邦人,祂就会动工使犹太人跟外邦人能够真正联合。这样一来,新以色列便由此产生,祂儿子耶稣也将管治新耶路撒冷(参弗 2:11-22 )。 

  罗 11:13-15> 外邦人可以得到救恩,是因犹太人不信?犹太人的救恩呢? 

  11:13-15 保罗被差遣到外邦人当中传福音,他提醒自己的犹太同胞,希望他们也同样认识救恩。因为犹太人拒绝救恩,因此外邦人就得着了机会。但是犹太人愿意接受基督时,就好像人由死里复生一样令人喜悦。 

  罗 11:17-24> 我们有主同在,不是因为是犹太人或是外邦人;只是因为一个简单的理由…… 

  11:17-24 保罗向外邦的基督徒提出警告,不要因神拒绝了部分犹太人而感到自己优越。亚伯拉罕的信心就像一棵树的根,犹太人就是这棵树所生的枝子。因为没有信心,这些枝子便被砍去了;而外邦信徒就是接在树上的野橄榄。犹太人跟外邦人都要基于在基督里的信心,才能分享这棵树的养分。 

  罗 11:22> 对信仰要坚持不移,这就能得着救恩,我知道──不是这样?那…… 

  11:22 “长久在祂的恩慈里”,是指我们对信仰的执着和坚持,这种坚定不移的态度,表明了我们的信仰有多真实;它是救恩的副产品,而不是得着救恩的方法。 

  罗 11:26> 对于这里提到的以色列全家,众说纷纭,你认为这是指谁? 

  11:26 有些人认为“以色列全家都要得救”,是指大部分的犹太人都会在基督再来之前归向基督而得救。有的人则认为,在这里是指属灵方面,是指所有接受基督救恩的犹太人及外邦人。这样“以色列全家”(即所有信徒)都会得着神应许赐予的救恩。当然也有不少人认为这是指所有以色列人说的,在基督的国度里他们有独特的身分,这选民的身分是不会失效的,正如神藉耶稣基督拣选了教会,永远也不会离弃她一样。当然,这并不表示所有犹太人或教会的会友就必然得救。部分人拒绝耶稣,也不表示神在以色列或教会中的工作停止了,祂仍然乐意拯救所有人。至于“于是”,有人认为有“如此”、“这样”的意思,可见相信基督是必要的条件。 

  罗 11:28-32> 神特意怜恤犹太人,又说怜恤众人,神的意思是…… 

  11:28-32 在这段经文当中,保罗指出犹太人和外邦人是互惠互利的。当神怜悯其中一群人时,另一群人就会分享这分祝福。在神原来的计划中,犹太人是神祝福外邦人的管道(参创 12:3 )。当犹太人不履行这个任务时,神就会藉着弥赛亚来祝福外邦人,但是因着祂对亚伯拉罕、以撒、雅各等人的应许,祂仍然爱犹太人。有一天,有信心的犹太人将会分享神的恩典。神的计划是不会被拦阻的,祂要“特意怜恤众人”(有关犹太人和外邦人都得到丰盛的恩典,请参赛 60 章)。 

  罗 11:29> 11:29 神给以色列人的这些权利是不会收回的。 

  罗 11:33> “深哉!……”在你的生命中,你所认识的神是如此的吗?你可曾如诗人般发出由衷赞叹? 

  11:33 这是一首赞美诗,赞美神的智慧和计划。神的方法和途径超过了我们所能理解的,祂以全备的智慧、公义和慈爱来掌管宇宙和我们的生命。 

  罗 11:34-35> 诗人在诗篇第 8 篇说 " 人算什么 \cs15 " ,你可有同感?对神我们所知道的 ...... 

  11:34-35 这些问题意味着没有人可以完全明白神的心思意念,没有人曾经作过祂的参谋,祂也不欠任何人什么东西,惟有神有绝对的权能和智慧。以赛亚和耶利米都问过类似的问题,显示我们不能给神什么提议,或批评祂处事的方式。(参赛 40:13 ;耶 23:18 ) 

  罗 11:36> 人都是不太顺服的,要人顺服且敬拜祂,祂是谁你可知道? 

  11:36 我们每一个人都要完完全全地倚靠神,祂是万物的源头,也是供应及维持这个世界的力量,祂所造的万物都会为祂带来荣耀,祂是配得我们颂赞的。