旧约 - 但以理书(Daniel)第7章

In the first year of Belshazzar king of Babylon, Daniel had a dream, and visions passed through his mind as he was lying on his bed. He wrote down the substance of his dream.
Daniel said: "In my vision at night I looked, and there before me were the four winds of heaven churning up the great sea.
Four great beasts, each different from the others, came up out of the sea.
"The first was like a lion, and it had the wings of an eagle. I watched until its wings were torn off and it was lifted from the ground so that it stood on two feet like a man, and the heart of a man was given to it.
"And there before me was a second beast, which looked like a bear. It was raised up on one of its sides, and it had three ribs in its mouth between its teeth. It was told, 'Get up and eat your fill of flesh!'
"After that, I looked, and there before me was another beast, one that looked like a leopard. And on its back it had four wings like those of a bird. This beast had four heads, and it was given authority to rule.
"After that, in my vision at night I looked, and there before me was a fourth beast--terrifying and frightening and very powerful. It had large iron teeth; it crushed and devoured its victims and trampled underfoot whatever was left. It was different from all the former beasts, and it had ten horns.
"While I was thinking about the horns, there before me was another horn, a little one, which came up among them; and three of the first horns were uprooted before it. This horn had eyes like the eyes of a man and a mouth that spoke boastfully.
"As I looked, "thrones were set in place, and the Ancient of Days took his seat. His clothing was as white as snow; the hair of his head was white like wool. His throne was flaming with fire, and its wheels were all ablaze.
A river of fire was flowing, coming out from before him. Thousands upon thousands attended him; ten thousand times ten thousand stood before him. The court was seated, and the books were opened.
"Then I continued to watch because of the boastful words the horn was speaking. I kept looking until the beast was slain and its body destroyed and thrown into the blazing fire.
(The other beasts had been stripped of their authority, but were allowed to live for a period of time.)
"In my vision at night I looked, and there before me was one like a son of man, coming with the clouds of heaven. He approached the Ancient of Days and was led into his presence.
He was given authority, glory and sovereign power; all peoples, nations and men of every language worshiped him. His dominion is an everlasting dominion that will not pass away, and his kingdom is one that will never be destroyed.
"I, Daniel, was troubled in spirit, and the visions that passed through my mind disturbed me.
I approached one of those standing there and asked him the true meaning of all this. "So he told me and gave me the interpretation of these things:
'The four great beasts are four kingdoms that will rise from the earth.
But the saints of the Most High will receive the kingdom and will possess it forever--yes, for ever and ever.'
"Then I wanted to know the true meaning of the fourth beast, which was different from all the others and most terrifying, with its iron teeth and bronze claws--the beast that crushed and devoured its victims and trampled underfoot whatever was left.
I also wanted to know about the ten horns on its head and about the other horn that came up, before which three of them fell--the horn that looked more imposing than the others and that had eyes and a mouth that spoke boastfully.
As I watched, this horn was waging war against the saints and defeating them,
until the Ancient of Days came and pronounced judgment in favor of the saints of the Most High, and the time came when they possessed the kingdom.
"He gave me this explanation: 'The fourth beast is a fourth kingdom that will appear on earth. It will be different from all the other kingdoms and will devour the whole earth, trampling it down and crushing it.
The ten horns are ten kings who will come from this kingdom. After them another king will arise, different from the earlier ones; he will subdue three kings.
He will speak against the Most High and oppress his saints and try to change the set times and the laws. The saints will be handed over to him for a time, times and half a time.
"'But the court will sit, and his power will be taken away and completely destroyed forever.
Then the sovereignty, power and greatness of the kingdoms under the whole heaven will be handed over to the saints, the people of the Most High. His kingdom will be an everlasting kingdom, and all rulers will worship and obey him.'
"This is the end of the matter. I, Daniel, was deeply troubled by my thoughts, and my face turned pale, but I kept the matter to myself."
但以理书第七章   第 7 章 

  但 7:1> 说这一章是但以理书的分界线,根据是…… 

  7:1 从年代的先后次序看,这一章的事件发生于第五章之前。当时,伯沙撒刚刚开始执政(公元前 553 年),而但以理则年近七十。但以理书的前六章描述了历史史实,后六章主要是关于未来的异象。 

  但 7:1-28> 邪恶的力量无法战胜神永恒的国度,然而在邪恶肆虐时,我可有决心坚持下去? 

  7:1-28 但以理看见四巨兽的异象,每头巨兽代表一个世上的大国,这与第二章中尼布甲尼撒的梦相近。尼布甲尼撒的梦是关于这些帝国的政权、政治的;而但以理的梦则勾画了这些王国的道德特征。这些将要统治以色列的政权是邪恶、残暴的。同时,但以理也看到了神永远的、不可毁灭的王国到来并征服这些属世的国度。 

  但 7:4-8> 对四兽的异象如何解释? 

  7:4-8 具有鹰翅的狮子象征巴比伦帝国与它对其他国家风卷残云般的征服(从巴比伦的废墟中已挖掘出带翅狮子的雕像)。那吞吃了狮子的熊代表玛代波斯帝国。熊口中的三根肋骨代表对三个主要王国的征服。豹象征希腊王国。豹的翅膀寓指亚历山大大帝在四年中(公元前 334-330 年)迅速征服当时世界上大多数文明国家。豹的四头表示亚历山大死后希腊王朝分裂后的四个国家。 

  第四头巨兽寓意罗马和末日的情形。许多圣经学者认为,这第四兽头上的角象征在神建立其永久国度之前世上的十个君王。启示录中约翰记载他看到的异象时,这十个君王尚未出现(参启 17:12 )。那只小角则代表了一个未来人类的统治者或敌基督(参帖后 2:3-4 )。这里,神以自己永存的国作对照,展示所有属世国度的终局。 

  但 7:9> 衣服白如雪,头发如纯净的羊毛,这异象在哪里重复出现过? 

  7:9 预言在此处转向世界的末日。这审判情景与启示录中使徒约翰所见的异象相似(参启 1:14-15 )。亘古常在者就是全能的神,他将权柄赐与地上的王国,并在末日亲自施行审判。 

  但 7:10> 人生有快乐、有伤心、有满足、有失意……在审判之日,神会怎样评价我的一生? 

  7:10 但以理在异象中看到神审判千千万万站在祂面前的人。我们每个人都必将站到全能的神面前,对我们的一生作出交待。神如果今天就来审判你的一生,祂会说什么呢?神将怎样按照祂的标准来衡量我们?每一天我们都应清楚地记得,我们必将在神的面前叙述一生是如何度过的。你将怎样数算你的日子? 

  但 7:11-12> 在审判之日,余下的兽将会怎样? 

  7:11-12 第四头兽被击杀代表罗马帝国的灭亡,而其余三兽则被允许继续存活一段时期。这些王国或其所代表的文化以某种形式得以存留。在神的审判来临时历史并未完结。 

  但 7:13-14> 在这异象中列邦列国都是以兽作象征,惟有这一位是“人子”,祂就是…… 

  7:13-14 这位“像人子的”就是弥赛亚。耶稣曾用这段经文来指自己(参太 26:64 ;路 21:27 ;约 1:51 )。天空中的云彩描绘出人子的神性。云彩在圣经中多处被用来表示神的至高和莅临(参出 16:10 ; 19:9 )。 

  但 7:18> 今天这至暂至轻的苦楚,若比起将来圣民所享的荣耀…… 

  7:18 “至高者的圣民”指真以色列人,由弥赛亚统帅的万民。耶稣基督将祂的国赐给新以色列人,亦即由所有虔诚信徒组成的祂的教会。耶稣基督的到来预报了神国的来临,所有信徒都是神国的子民( 7:22-27 )。虽然神允许祂的追随者在一段时间内受到迫害,他们终将拥有神国并与神永远同在。 

  但 7:24> 十角、十王、一王代表什么? 

  7:24 启示录 17 章 12 节中也提到了十角,或所代表的十个君王。与之对应,尼布甲尼撒的异象中有十个脚指头出现( 2:41-42 )。对于这十个君王的身分尚无统一的看法,但这些君王都将发起反基督的争战。然而,作为万王之王,耶稣基督终会战胜他们(参启 17:12-14 )。本章 24 节中提到的另外一个王就是未来的敌基督(参帖后 2:3-4 )。 

  但 7:25> 受苦终会有结束的一天,神国会存到永远…… 

  7:25 尽管对“一载,二载,半载”的准确意义尚有争议,我们确知神告诉但以理,他的子民受恶势力的迫害不会持续太久。神已应许将祂的国度赐给至高者的圣民。──《灵修版圣经注释》