旧约 - 撒母耳记下(2 Samuel)第2章

In the course of time, David inquired of the LORD. "Shall I go up to one of the towns of Judah?" he asked. The LORD said, "Go up." David asked, "Where shall I go?" "To Hebron," the LORD answered.
So David went up there with his two wives, Ahinoam of Jezreel and Abigail, the widow of Nabal of Carmel.
David also took the men who were with him, each with his family, and they settled in Hebron and its towns.
Then the men of Judah came to Hebron and there they anointed David king over the house of Judah. When David was told that it was the men of Jabesh Gilead who had buried Saul,
he sent messengers to the men of Jabesh Gilead to say to them, "The LORD bless you for showing this kindness to Saul your master by burying him.
May the LORD now show you kindness and faithfulness, and I too will show you the same favor because you have done this.
Now then, be strong and brave, for Saul your master is dead, and the house of Judah has anointed me king over them."
Meanwhile, Abner son of Ner, the commander of Saul's army, had taken Ish-Bosheth son of Saul and brought him over to Mahanaim.
He made him king over Gilead, Ashuri and Jezreel, and also over Ephraim, Benjamin and all Israel.
Ish-Bosheth son of Saul was forty years old when he became king over Israel, and he reigned two years. The house of Judah, however, followed David.
The length of time David was king in Hebron over the house of Judah was seven years and six months.
Abner son of Ner, together with the men of Ish-Bosheth son of Saul, left Mahanaim and went to Gibeon.
Joab son of Zeruiah and David's men went out and met them at the pool of Gibeon. One group sat down on one side of the pool and one group on the other side.
Then Abner said to Joab, "Let's have some of the young men get up and fight hand to hand in front of us." "All right, let them do it," Joab said.
So they stood up and were counted off--twelve men for Benjamin and Ish-Bosheth son of Saul, and twelve for David.
Then each man grabbed his opponent by the head and thrust his dagger into his opponent's side, and they fell down together. So that place in Gibeon was called Helkath Hazzurim.
The battle that day was very fierce, and Abner and the men of Israel were defeated by David's men.
The three sons of Zeruiah were there: Joab, Abishai and Asahel. Now Asahel was as fleet-footed as a wild gazelle.
He chased Abner, turning neither to the right nor to the left as he pursued him.
Abner looked behind him and asked, "Is that you, Asahel?" "It is," he answered.
Then Abner said to him, "Turn aside to the right or to the left; take on one of the young men and strip him of his weapons." But Asahel would not stop chasing him.
Again Abner warned Asahel, "Stop chasing me! Why should I strike you down? How could I look your brother Joab in the face?"
But Asahel refused to give up the pursuit; so Abner thrust the butt of his spear into Asahel's stomach, and the spear came out through his back. He fell there and died on the spot. And every man stopped when he came to the place where Asahel had fallen and died.
But Joab and Abishai pursued Abner, and as the sun was setting, they came to the hill of Ammah, near Giah on the way to the wasteland of Gibeon.
Then the men of Benjamin rallied behind Abner. They formed themselves into a group and took their stand on top of a hill.
Abner called out to Joab, "Must the sword devour forever? Don't you realize that this will end in bitterness? How long before you order your men to stop pursuing their brothers?"
Joab answered, "As surely as God lives, if you had not spoken, the men would have continued the pursuit of their brothers until morning."
So Joab blew the trumpet, and all the men came to a halt; they no longer pursued Israel, nor did they fight anymore.
All that night Abner and his men marched through the Arabah. They crossed the Jordan, continued through the whole Bithron and came to Mahanaim.
Then Joab returned from pursuing Abner and assembled all his men. Besides Asahel, nineteen of David's men were found missing.
But David's men had killed three hundred and sixty Benjamites who were with Abner.
They took Asahel and buried him in his father's tomb at Bethlehem. Then Joab and his men marched all night and arrived at Hebron by daybreak.
撒母耳记下第二章   第 2 章 

  撒下 2:1> 人往往凭自己的才智审时度势,或任一己的冲动鲁莽行事,大卫的做法却完全不同…… 

  2:1 大卫虽然自知将要作王(参撒上 16:13 ; 23:17 ; 24:20 ),而扫罗之死似乎是他作王的适当时机,他仍然求问神,应否回到犹大故土。即使有时情势似乎很明显,但在采取行动以前,还是要求问神,只有祂才清楚何时是最适当的时机。 

  撒下 2:1> 神为什么吩咐大卫上希伯仑去?祂今天又吩咐我往哪里去? 

  2:1 神吩咐大卫回到希伯仑,不久犹大人就要在那里膏立他作王。他以希伯仑作首都,因为,( 1 )那是当时在犹大境内最大的城;( 2 )防御坚固,足以抵挡仇敌的攻击;( 3 )它位于犹大境内的中央附近,是作京城的理想之地;( 4 )有许多贸易路线汇集,在战时可保障物资供应。 

  撒下 2:4> 大卫虽贵为君王,但亦有漫长的岁月不为人所接受,我是否也有类似的遭遇? 

  2:4 大卫在多年以前受撒母耳膏立为王(参撒上 16:13 ),但那是在他家中私下进行的;现在犹大人公开膏立他为王,正好像为候任官员公开举行就职典礼一样。不过,以色列其余的支派不同意他作王约有七年半之久( 2:10-11 )。 

  撒下 2:4-7> 大卫为什么要去基列雅比? 

  2:4-7 基列雅比人曾经冒生命危险去埋葬扫罗的尸体,大卫作王以后遣使者道谢(参撒上 31:11-13 )。在亚扪王拿辖围攻基列雅比的时候,扫罗救他们免受耻辱(参撒上 11 ),所以那里的人对他都很感激。大卫的信息也提示他们,最好效法犹大人以他为王。基列雅比在基列地的北部。大卫正寻求未承认他为王的十一个支派支持他。 

  约押与押尼珥决一胜负 

  撒下 2:10-11> 伊施波设迟迟没有继位,权力是否出现真空? 

  2:10-11 大卫作犹大人的王有七年半的时间,伊施波设作以色列的王只有两年。这里有五年的空白,可能是由于伊施波设在扫罗驾崩后不敢立即作王。以色列北部常有非利士人侵扰,所以伊施波设等了五年才敢即位。期间,他的元帅押尼珥担任了主要的角色,驱逐非利士人,力促北方的联盟。不管伊施波设何时称帝,他的统治是既软弱又有限的。非利士人仍然控制当地,而伊施波设也受到元帅押尼珥的威摄( 3:11 )。 

  故事中的人物 

  撒下 2:12> 双方以对等人数撕杀,为何? 

  2:12 他们各选出十二个人,彼此争斗(用刀互刺),存活的人数较多的一边为胜。大卫和歌利亚的争战(参撒上 17 )也是采取类似的方式──避免双方全面战争,造成众多伤亡。但是,此役双方的二十四个勇士皆战死了,所以没有一方面能宣称得胜,既没有结果,厮杀就得继续下去。 

  撒下 2:12-17> 这一战发生在…… 

  2:12-17 以色列分裂后,南北两地不断斗争对峙。不过,大卫在北部真正的对手并非伊施波设而是押尼珥。这段经文记载,押尼珥提出叫双方的勇士用短刀互刺,(亦可译作“戏耍”或“肉搏”。)此役发生于基遍附近(在扫罗家乡便雅悯的地业以内),说明约押的军队已经向北推进,占领了更多的土地。押尼珥提出这建议,可能是想阻止约押军队的挺进。 

  撒下 2:21-23> 择善固执诚然是一分美德,但倘若所坚持的并无恒久的意义,是否要坚持下去? 

  2:21-23 押尼珥一再劝告亚撒黑,不要冒生命危险去追赶他,但是亚撒黑不肯放弃自己的坚持。如果是为着有价值的事,贯彻始终是好的;但是如果只为着个人的荣辱和利益,这种坚持就等于固执。亚撒黑的固执不仅丧失了自己的生命,也使大卫的军队在以后多年陷于苦境( 3:26-27 ;参王上 2:28-35 )。你在决心达到目标之前,先要确认那是否有意义。 

  撒下 2:28> 战争,国家与人民都要付出代价…… 

  2:28 一场大战,约押的军队得胜了( 2:17 ),但是国土分裂,战争持续到大卫作全以色列王的时候才停止( 5:1-5 )。──《灵修版圣经注释》