旧约 - 撒母耳记上(1 Samuel)第22章

David therefore departed thence, and escaped to the cave Adullam: and when his brethren and all his father's house heard it, they went down thither to him.
And every one that was in distress, and every one that was in debt, and every one that was discontented, gathered themselves unto him; and he became a captain over them: and there were with him about four hundred men.
And David went thence to Mizpeh of Moab: and he said unto the king of Moab, Let my father and my mother, I pray thee, come forth, and be with you, till I know what God will do for me.
And he brought them before the king of Moab: and they dwelt with him all the while that David was in the hold.
And the prophet Gad said unto David, Abide not in the hold; depart, and get thee into the land of Judah. Then David departed, and came into the forest of Hareth.
When Saul heard that David was discovered, and the men that were with him, (now Saul abode in Gibeah under a tree in Ramah, having his spear in his hand, and all his servants were standing about him;)
Then Saul said unto his servants that stood about him, Hear now, ye Benjamites; will the son of Jesse give every one of you fields and vineyards, and make you all captains of thousands, and captains of hundreds;
That all of you have conspired against me, and there is none that sheweth me that my son hath made a league with the son of Jesse, and there is none of you that is sorry for me, or sheweth unto me that my son hath stirred up my servant against me, to lie in wait, as at this day?
Then answered Doeg the Edomite, which was set over the servants of Saul, and said, I saw the son of Jesse coming to Nob, to Ahimelech the son of Ahitub.
And he enquired of the LORD for him, and gave him victuals, and gave him the sword of Goliath the Philistine.
Then the king sent to call Ahimelech the priest, the son of Ahitub, and all his father's house, the priests that were in Nob: and they came all of them to the king.
And Saul said, Hear now, thou son of Ahitub. And he answered, Here I am, my lord.
And Saul said unto him, Why have ye conspired against me, thou and the son of Jesse, in that thou hast given him bread, and a sword, and hast enquired of God for him, that he should rise against me, to lie in wait, as at this day?
Then Ahimelech answered the king, and said, And who is so faithful among all thy servants as David, which is the king's son in law, and goeth at thy bidding, and is honourable in thine house?
Did I then begin to enquire of God for him? be it far from me: let not the king impute any thing unto his servant, nor to all the house of my father: for thy servant knew nothing of all this, less or more.
And the king said, Thou shalt surely die, Ahimelech, thou, and all thy father's house.
And the king said unto the footmen that stood about him, Turn, and slay the priests of the LORD: because their hand also is with David, and because they knew when he fled, and did not shew it to me. But the servants of the king would not put forth their hand to fall upon the priests of the LORD.
And the king said to Doeg, Turn thou, and fall upon the priests. And Doeg the Edomite turned, and he fell upon the priests, and slew on that day fourscore and five persons that did wear a linen ephod.
And Nob, the city of the priests, smote he with the edge of the sword, both men and women, children and sucklings, and oxen, and asses, and sheep, with the edge of the sword.
And one of the sons of Ahimelech the son of Ahitub, named Abiathar, escaped, and fled after David.
And Abiathar shewed David that Saul had slain the LORD's priests.
And David said unto Abiathar, I knew it that day, when Doeg the Edomite was there, that he would surely tell Saul: I have occasioned the death of all the persons of thy father's house.
Abide thou with me, fear not: for he that seeketh my life seeketh thy life: but with me thou shalt be in safeguard.
撒母耳记上第廿二章   第 22 章 

  大卫的逃跑 

  撒上 22:2> 引领什么人反映出领导者的才能,品德与素质,大卫具有哪些素质? 

  22:2 凡受压迫的、欠债的、心里苦闷的,都聚集到逃亡的大卫那里。那些本身飘流无定之人,只有协助大卫作王才有好的前途。大卫统领一班人马,再次显出他能驾驭、激励别人,既有谋略也有才能。把纯良的人士组成军队已属不易,但是把跟随大卫的这班人组成大军,则需要更大的领导才能。这一批人后来形成大卫军队领导的核心,其中产生好几位“大能的勇士”(参撒下 23:8 及以下各节)。 

  撒上 22:7-8> 选拔人材如果与公义发生冲突,我会站在哪一方? 

  22:7-8 扫罗的主要官员显然出于便雅悯支派,因为他本人来自这支派;大卫则是出于犹大支派。扫罗想取得别人对支派的效忠,以保住王位。 

  撒上 22:18> 残杀祭司、杀灭生灵,为何扫罗沦落到丧失理性的地步? 

  22:18 扫罗为什么要杀害属于自己的祭司?因为他疑忌在约拿单、大卫与众祭司之间有串谋。他听到多益的报告,说大卫与大祭司亚希米勒谈话,从他得到食物和武器,就生出疑忌之心( 22:9-10 )。他的行动显出精神和情绪的不安已走向偏离神的地步。他下令将挪伯城中的人畜完全杀灭,就是下屠城令(宣布把城中所有的尽行毁灭),在申命记中说明,只有对拜偶像以及悖逆神之城才可以这样行(参申 13:12-17 )。而实际上悖逆神的是他自己,并不是那些祭司。 

  撒上 22:18-19> 神为什么容许八十五个无辜的祭司被杀害呢? 

  22:18-19 祭司的死向人民显明血淋淋的事实,君王可以变成邪恶的暴君。事奉神并不保证功成利就,也不保证健康长寿,神并未应许保护义人善人在这个世界不受恶人攻击,但祂确实应许到末后必然将一切的邪恶清除。在试炼中忠心到底之人,将来必得极大的赏赐(参太 5:11-12 ;启 21:1-7 ; 22:1-21 )。 

  22:20 亚比亚他带着以弗得逃到大卫那里( 23:6 )。以弗得是祭司的衣服,内中有乌陵和土明,那是大卫用以求问神之物。当扫罗袭击挪伯城时,以弗得可能是祭司制度之中硕果仅存的标志,由亚比亚他带到大卫的营中( 23:6 )。扫罗毁灭以色列人的祭司制度,但是到大卫作王的时候又将之恢复,并且立亚比亚他作新任的大祭司,他在大卫作王期间一直担任这个职务。──《灵修版圣经注释》