新约 - 马太福音(Matthew)第15章

Then came to Jesus scribes and Pharisees, which were of Jerusalem, saying,
Why do thy disciples transgress the tradition of the elders? for they wash not their hands when they eat bread.
But he answered and said unto them, Why do ye also transgress the commandment of God by your tradition?
For God commanded, saying, Honour thy father and mother: and, He that curseth father or mother, let him die the death.
But ye say, Whosoever shall say to his father or his mother, It is a gift, by whatsoever thou mightest be profited by me;
And honour not his father or his mother, he shall be free. Thus have ye made the commandment of God of none effect by your tradition.
Ye hypocrites, well did Esaias prophesy of you, saying,
This people draweth nigh unto me with their mouth, and honoureth me with their lips; but their heart is far from me.
But in vain they do worship me, teaching for doctrines the commandments of men.
And he called the multitude, and said unto them, Hear, and understand:
Not that which goeth into the mouth defileth a man; but that which cometh out of the mouth, this defileth a man.
Then came his disciples, and said unto him, Knowest thou that the Pharisees were offended, after they heard this saying?
But he answered and said, Every plant, which my heavenly Father hath not planted, shall be rooted up.
Let them alone: they be blind leaders of the blind. And if the blind lead the blind, both shall fall into the ditch.
Then answered Peter and said unto him, Declare unto us this parable.
And Jesus said, Are ye also yet without understanding?
Do not ye yet understand, that whatsoever entereth in at the mouth goeth into the belly, and is cast out into the draught?
But those things which proceed out of the mouth come forth from the heart; and they defile the man.
For out of the heart proceed evil thoughts, murders, adulteries, fornications, thefts, false witness, blasphemies:
These are the things which defile a man: but to eat with unwashen hands defileth not a man.
Then Jesus went thence, and departed into the coasts of Tyre and Sidon.
And, behold, a woman of Canaan came out of the same coasts, and cried unto him, saying, Have mercy on me, O Lord, thou son of David; my daughter is grievously vexed with a devil.
But he answered her not a word. And his disciples came and besought him, saying, Send her away; for she crieth after us.
But he answered and said, I am not sent but unto the lost sheep of the house of Israel.
Then came she and worshipped him, saying, Lord, help me.
But he answered and said, It is not meet to take the children's bread, and to cast it to dogs.
And she said, Truth, Lord: yet the dogs eat of the crumbs which fall from their masters' table.
Then Jesus answered and said unto her, O woman, great is thy faith: be it unto thee even as thou wilt. And her daughter was made whole from that very hour.
And Jesus departed from thence, and came nigh unto the sea of Galilee; and went up into a mountain, and sat down there.
And great multitudes came unto him, having with them those that were lame, blind, dumb, maimed, and many others, and cast them down at Jesus' feet; and he healed them:
Insomuch that the multitude wondered, when they saw the dumb to speak, the maimed to be whole, the lame to walk, and the blind to see: and they glorified the God of Israel.
Then Jesus called his disciples unto him, and said, I have compassion on the multitude, because they continue with me now three days, and have nothing to eat: and I will not send them away fasting, lest they faint in the way.
And his disciples say unto him, Whence should we have so much bread in the wilderness, as to fill so great a multitude?
And Jesus saith unto them, How many loaves have ye? And they said, Seven, and a few little fishes.
And he commanded the multitude to sit down on the ground.
And he took the seven loaves and the fishes, and gave thanks, and brake them, and gave to his disciples, and the disciples to the multitude.
And they did all eat, and were filled: and they took up of the broken meat that was left seven baskets full.
And they that did eat were four thousand men, beside women and children.
And he sent away the multitude, and took ship, and came into the coasts of Magdala.
马太福音第十五章   太 15:1-2> 传统好像都是一些古老的东西,都废去吧,你同意吗? 

  15:1-2 法利赛人和文士由犹太的权力中心耶路撒冷而来,要详细查验耶稣的活动。自从犹太人从被巴比伦俘掳回归后几百年来,数以百计的宗教传统被加进神的律法中,法利赛人和文士看所有的传统同样重要。很多传统本身是不错的,有些更可以加深丰富人生的意义。但我们不能由于我们的传统已经实践了多年,就将之提升为神圣的律例。神的原则是从不改变的,祂的律法也无需增修。传统可帮助我们更明白神的律法,但它本身绝不是律法。 

  太 15:5-6> 古时人奉献为了逃避照顾父母,今天人奉献难道为了减少交税? 

  15:5-6 这里的“作了供献”是指“各耳板”的习惯(参可 7:11 )。任何人起了“各耳板”的誓,就要把金钱奉献给圣殿,而不再供养父母。这样的奉献看来很有意义,也可以提高个人的声望。但许多人却利用“各耳板”的誓,漠视神的吩咐,不照顾父母,使它变成不供养父母的合法藉口。因为太多人这样做,更得到宗教界的默许,就使作儿女的可以逃避照顾父母的责任。 

  太 15:8-9> 开口唱诗赞美主,奉献金钱听讲道,就是敬拜的全部? 

  15:8-9 先知以赛亚也曾经抨击伪君子(参赛 29:13 ),耶稣把他的话应用在宗教领袖身上。如果我们声称尊敬神,而心却远离祂,我们的敬拜就没有任何意义了。单单遵行宗教礼仪是不够的,我们必须用真诚的行动和态度去敬拜,否则以赛亚的话也同样是责备我们的。 

  太 15:9> 你说你很认识祂,可问你祂是怎样的,你又说不出,为什么? 

  15:9 法利赛人知道很多有关神的事,却不认识神。研究宗教、甚至研究圣经是不够的,我们必须回应神自己。 

  太 15:11> 只注重个人卫生,却忽略了言语和思想的清洁,这些法利赛人很可笑吧?你会这样吗? 

  15:11 耶稣提到犹太人有关饮食的规条,祂是在说:“即使吃了不干净、不可吃的食物,也不会令你们不洁;你们说的话和思想却叫你们不洁!”这句话叫极注重个人饮食的法利赛人觉得十分刺耳。 

  太 15:13-14> 闭上眼睛去找一件东西,那感觉是……属灵的瞎子也是一样,你是这样吗? 

  15:13-14 耶稣告诉门徒不要理会法利赛人,因为他们看不到神的真理,任何人听从他们的教训,都会变成属灵的瞎子。不是所有的宗教领袖都“视力良好”,能清楚看到神的真理。要确定你所听所学的,是从有正确属灵眼光、并跟从圣经原则教导的人而来的。 

  太 15:15> 15:15 不久,彼得就会学习洁净之物与不洁之物的课题(参 15:11 和徒 10:12 注释),他就会明白没有什么东西可以阻碍将福音传给外邦人。 

  太 15:16-20> 照镜子时,看到脸上的肮脏,我们会擦掉;我的心还没有照镜子呢,里面究竟是…… 

  15:16-20 我们会努力去保持自己外表的吸引力,但内心比外表更加重要。神看重我们的内心深处,就是别人看不见的地方,你的内心是怎样的呢? 

  成为基督徒以后,神会改变你的内心,祂希望我们不单祈求饮食和身体的健康,还要追求思想和心态的健康。只要你祈求,祂将继续改变你。 

  耶稣在腓尼基的事工 

  太 15:22> 与你有嫌隙的人,现在需要你的帮助,你会…… 

  15:22 马可福音称这妇人为希腊人,出生于叙利亚的腓尼基(参可 7:26 ),从加利利西北部的推罗和西顿而来。马太按着她的宗族迦南人称呼她,迦南人是以色列人的世仇,这样,马太福音中的犹太听众便立即明白耶稣帮助这妇人的意义了。 

  太 15:23> 他孤单流泪,她寂寞不知道可往哪里走……你看到吗? 

  15:23 门徒请求耶稣打发这个妇人离开,因为她不断喊叫,使他们觉得讨厌,他们或是并不怜恤这个妇人,或者根本察觉不到她的需要。 

  我们往往也会专注属灵的事物,以致忽略了身边人的真正需要,尤其当我们对有需要的人存有偏见,或者他们会带给我们许多麻烦时。 

  请不要感到厌烦,把握身旁的机会,把神美善的信息开放给所有人,尽量不要拒绝那些与你不同的人。 

  太 15:24> 耶稣只到以色列家,那其他人又如何? 

  15:24 神的信息是赐给所有人的( 28:19 ;参诗 22:27 ;赛 56:7 ;罗 15:9-12 ),耶稣这话与此并没有冲突。耶稣说这句话的时候,正身处异邦向外邦人传道,在祂的工作中,也有许多时候服事外邦人。 

  耶稣只是简单地告诉这妇人,神首先让犹太人接受祂是弥赛亚,然后由他们把这个救恩信息传到世界各地(参创 12:3 )。耶稣并不是拒绝这个迦南妇人,可能是想试验她的信心,或者想把握这个机会,教导有关信心的功课──人人都可以得着信心。 

  太 15:29-31> 如何可以带人到耶稣跟前?你有这样行吗? 

  15:29-31 一大群人来到耶稣那里要求医治,祂都把他们治好。耶稣还能医治破碎的生命,我们可以带领受苦的人到祂面前。你知道谁需要耶稣的医治吗?你可以藉着祈祷或解释你心中盼望的缘由(参彼前 3:15 ),把他们带到耶稣那里,然后让基督医治他们。 

  太 15:32-39> 给五千人吃饱还不够展示祂的大能,难道要再来一次才成? 

  15:32-39 这次给四千人吃饱跟给五千人吃饱( 14:13-21 )是两件事(参可 8:19-20 ),这次是耶稣把事工扩展到外邦人中的开始。 

  太 15:33> 难关已过,一切随风散,再遇困难,同样困惑、失望,其实…… 

  15:33 耶稣已经用过五个饼和两条鱼使五千人吃饱,现在在类似的情况下,门徒却再次感到困惑。在困境中,我们何等容易在失望中认输,好像这些门徒一样,我们常常忘记了神过往看顾我们,现在也仍然看顾。在面对困境时,你要记住神曾经怎样看顾你,并信靠祂会再次工作。 

  15:39 马加丹位于加利利海西岸,亦称为大马努他(参可 8:10 ),就是抹大拉的马利亚的家乡。 ──《灵修版圣经注释》