新约 - 马太福音(Matthew)第26章

When Jesus had finished saying all these things, he said to his disciples,
"As you know, the Passover is two days away--and the Son of Man will be handed over to be crucified."
Then the chief priests and the elders of the people assembled in the palace of the high priest, whose name was Caiaphas,
and they plotted to arrest Jesus in some sly way and kill him.
"But not during the Feast," they said, "or there may be a riot among the people."
While Jesus was in Bethany in the home of a man known as Simon the Leper,
a woman came to him with an alabaster jar of very expensive perfume, which she poured on his head as he was reclining at the table.
When the disciples saw this, they were indignant. "Why this waste?" they asked.
"This perfume could have been sold at a high price and the money given to the poor."
Aware of this, Jesus said to them, "Why are you bothering this woman? She has done a beautiful thing to me.
The poor you will always have with you, but you will not always have me.
When she poured this perfume on my body, she did it to prepare me for burial.
I tell you the truth, wherever this gospel is preached throughout the world, what she has done will also be told, in memory of her."
Then one of the Twelve--the one called Judas Iscariot--went to the chief priests
and asked, "What are you willing to give me if I hand him over to you?" So they counted out for him thirty silver coins.
From then on Judas watched for an opportunity to hand him over.
On the first day of the Feast of Unleavened Bread, the disciples came to Jesus and asked, "Where do you want us to make preparations for you to eat the Passover?"
He replied, "Go into the city to a certain man and tell him, 'The Teacher says: My appointed time is near. I am going to celebrate the Passover with my disciples at your house.'"
So the disciples did as Jesus had directed them and prepared the Passover.
When evening came, Jesus was reclining at the table with the Twelve.
And while they were eating, he said, "I tell you the truth, one of you will betray me."
They were very sad and began to say to him one after the other, "Surely not I, Lord?"
Jesus replied, "The one who has dipped his hand into the bowl with me will betray me.
The Son of Man will go just as it is written about him. But woe to that man who betrays the Son of Man! It would be better for him if he had not been born."
Then Judas, the one who would betray him, said, "Surely not I, Rabbi?" Jesus answered, "Yes, it is you."
While they were eating, Jesus took bread, gave thanks and broke it, and gave it to his disciples, saying, "Take and eat; this is my body."
Then he took the cup, gave thanks and offered it to them, saying, "Drink from it, all of you.
This is my blood of the covenant, which is poured out for many for the forgiveness of sins.
I tell you, I will not drink of this fruit of the vine from now on until that day when I drink it anew with you in my Father's kingdom."
When they had sung a hymn, they went out to the Mount of Olives.
Then Jesus told them, "This very night you will all fall away on account of me, for it is written: "'I will strike the shepherd, and the sheep of the flock will be scattered.'
But after I have risen, I will go ahead of you into Galilee."
Peter replied, "Even if all fall away on account of you, I never will."
"I tell you the truth," Jesus answered, "this very night, before the rooster crows, you will disown me three times."
But Peter declared, "Even if I have to die with you, I will never disown you." And all the other disciples said the same.
Then Jesus went with his disciples to a place called Gethsemane, and he said to them, "Sit here while I go over there and pray."
He took Peter and the two sons of Zebedee along with him, and he began to be sorrowful and troubled.
Then he said to them, "My soul is overwhelmed with sorrow to the point of death. Stay here and keep watch with me."
Going a little farther, he fell with his face to the ground and prayed, "My Father, if it is possible, may this cup be taken from me. Yet not as I will, but as you will."
Then he returned to his disciples and found them sleeping. "Could you men not keep watch with me for one hour?" he asked Peter.
"Watch and pray so that you will not fall into temptation. The spirit is willing, but the body is weak."
He went away a second time and prayed, "My Father, if it is not possible for this cup to be taken away unless I drink it, may your will be done."
When he came back, he again found them sleeping, because their eyes were heavy.
So he left them and went away once more and prayed the third time, saying the same thing.
Then he returned to the disciples and said to them, "Are you still sleeping and resting? Look, the hour is near, and the Son of Man is betrayed into the hands of sinners.
Rise, let us go! Here comes my betrayer!"
While he was still speaking, Judas, one of the Twelve, arrived. With him was a large crowd armed with swords and clubs, sent from the chief priests and the elders of the people.
Now the betrayer had arranged a signal with them: "The one I kiss is the man; arrest him."
Going at once to Jesus, Judas said, "Greetings, Rabbi!" and kissed him.
Jesus replied, "Friend, do what you came for."Then the men stepped forward, seized Jesus and arrested him.
With that, one of Jesus' companions reached for his sword, drew it out and struck the servant of the high priest, cutting off his ear.
"Put your sword back in its place," Jesus said to him, "for all who draw the sword will die by the sword.
Do you think I cannot call on my Father, and he will at once put at my disposal more than twelve legions of angels?
But how then would the Scriptures be fulfilled that say it must happen in this way?"
At that time Jesus said to the crowd, "Am I leading a rebellion, that you have come out with swords and clubs to capture me? Every day I sat in the temple courts teaching, and you did not arrest me.
But this has all taken place that the writings of the prophets might be fulfilled." Then all the disciples deserted him and fled.
Those who had arrested Jesus took him to Caiaphas, the high priest, where the teachers of the law and the elders had assembled.
But Peter followed him at a distance, right up to the courtyard of the high priest. He entered and sat down with the guards to see the outcome.
The chief priests and the whole Sanhedrin were looking for false evidence against Jesus so that they could put him to death.
But they did not find any, though many false witnesses came forward. Finally two came forward
and declared, "This fellow said, 'I am able to destroy the temple of God and rebuild it in three days.'"
Then the high priest stood up and said to Jesus, "Are you not going to answer? What is this testimony that these men are bringing against you?"
But Jesus remained silent. The high priest said to him, "I charge you under oath by the living God: Tell us if you are the Christ, the Son of God."
"Yes, it is as you say," Jesus replied. "But I say to all of you: In the future you will see the Son of Man sitting at the right hand of the Mighty One and coming on the clouds of heaven."
Then the high priest tore his clothes and said, "He has spoken blasphemy! Why do we need any more witnesses? Look, now you have heard the blasphemy.
What do you think?" "He is worthy of death," they answered.
Then they spit in his face and struck him with their fists. Others slapped him
and said, "Prophesy to us, Christ. Who hit you?"
Now Peter was sitting out in the courtyard, and a servant girl came to him. "You also were with Jesus of Galilee," she said.
But he denied it before them all. "I don't know what you're talking about," he said.
Then he went out to the gateway, where another girl saw him and said to the people there, "This fellow was with Jesus of Nazareth."
He denied it again, with an oath: "I don't know the man!"
After a little while, those standing there went up to Peter and said, "Surely you are one of them, for your accent gives you away."
Then he began to call down curses on himself and he swore to them, "I don't know the man!" Immediately a rooster crowed.
Then Peter remembered the word Jesus had spoken: "Before the rooster crows, you will disown me three times." And he went outside and wept bitterly.
马太福音第廿六章   太 26:3> 齐来看看这个所谓祭司的嘴脸吧…… 

  26:3 该亚法是耶稣在世上工作时期的大祭司,是前任大祭司亚拿的女婿。罗马政府征服犹太后接管并指派所有的政治和宗教领袖。该亚法工作了十八年,比多数的大祭司都要长,可能因为他肯与罗马政府合作。是他建议让耶稣替百姓去死,好拯救整个国家(参约 11:49-50 )。 

  太 26:3-5> 下手不是越快越好吗?那些领袖所想的是…… 

  26:3-5 这是个故意杀害耶稣的计谋,没有这个计谋,攻击耶稣的大众意见就不会激增。其实,因为耶稣受欢迎,宗教领袖不想在逾越节期间捉拿祂,恐怕会引起暴动。 

  马利亚(拉撒路的姐姐) 

  耶稣到伯大尼 

  太 26:6-13> 同一件事,不同的次序安排,福音书的作者有何用意? 

  26:6-13 马太福音和马可福音把这件事放在最后晚餐前,而约翰福音则将之放在耶稣进入耶路撒冷之前,三者之中,约翰福音的记载最有可能是按时间次序的。我们要知道福音书的作者写书的主要目的是准确地记录耶稣的信息,而不是按时间先后记录耶稣的生平。马太和马可选择把这件事放在犹大卖主的记载之前,好使完全委身基督的马利亚与背叛出卖耶稣的犹大成为强烈的对比。 

  太 26:7> 26:7 这个女人是马利亚,是马大的妹妹、拉撒路的姐姐。 

  太 26:8> 26:8 马利亚的举动引起门徒不悦,犹大更特别不满(参约 12:4-6 )。 

  太 26:11> 门徒说的也不错,耶稣何出此言?莫非…… 

  26:11 耶稣指出:“因为常有穷人和你们同在”(参申 15:11 ),并不是忽略穷人的需要,圣经不断呼吁我们要关心有需要的人。然而,耶稣这样说是要突出马利亚对祂的特别奉献。 

  太 26:14-15> 犹大为何出卖耶稣?我会像他一样忘记了祂的恩典吗? 

  26:14-15 为什么犹大出卖耶稣?圣经没详细交代,可能是他也像其他门徒一样,希望耶稣发动一次革命,推翻罗马政权;而他负责掌管钱财,也期望将来在耶稣的新政府里占有重要的地位,就像雅各、约翰的想法一样(参可 10:35-37 )。但看到耶稣称赞马利亚献上价值相当于一年工资的香膏,他可能意识到耶稣的国度并不是眼见的或是政治性的,乃是属灵的,如果跟随耶稣,就不能实现对金钱和地位的欲望,因此以出卖耶稣,换取金钱和那些宗教领袖的喜悦。 

  太 26:15> 未曾过节身已死,这死大有别意义,你可知道? 

  26:15 只有马太福音记载犹大出卖耶稣换取银钱的确实数目──三十块钱,这是一个奴隶的价钱(参出 21:32 )。本来宗教领袖打算在逾越节过后才捉拿耶稣,但由于有犹大献计,故提前实现他们的阴谋。神要应验旧约的预言:耶稣成为逾越节的羔羊,代死以除去世人的罪孽(参约 1:29 )。 

  太 26:17> 逾越节,无酵节,所为是何事? 

  26:17 逾越节只是一个晚上,吃一顿饭,之后是无酵节与之一同庆祝,持续一个星期。人们把家中所有的酵都除去,为记念祖先出埃及时,没有时间待做饼的生面团发起来。每年过节时,数以千计的人从罗马统治下的各地方来到耶路撒冷。(更多有关逾越节的资料,请参出 12 章和可 14 章 1 节的注释。) 

  太 26:23> 26:23 晚餐上,有些食物是放在盘子里,大家一同用手从盘子里取出来吃。 

  太 26:26> 圣餐就是吃饼、喝葡萄汁嘛,什么?还有这么多意思…… 

  26:26 这个圣礼有几个意义:( 1 )主的晚餐(或称主餐、圣餐、擘饼):为记念耶稣与门徒共进逾越节晚餐。( 2 )感恩的表示:感谢神藉基督为我们作的工。( 3 )相交:与神并其他信徒相交。我们吃这饼、喝这汁时,应当安静反省,追想耶稣的受死和祂再来的应许;感谢神给我们的恩赐;并因我们与基督及各信徒肢体相聚而喜乐。 

  太 26:28> 耶稣的血、新约、旧约、赎罪祭牲……这么多的名词,究竟有什么关系? 

  26:28 耶稣的血与新约有何关系呢?在旧约之下的人,就是活在耶稣之前的人,只能靠着祭司和献祭性才可以亲近神。现在所有的人都可以靠着信心直接到神那里,因为耶稣的死已使我们在神的眼中蒙悦纳(参罗 3:21-24 )。 

  旧约是新约的一个预兆、一个影儿(参耶 31:31 ;来 8 章),指向后来的那一天,耶稣亲自成为最终的赎罪祭牲,不是一只无瑕疵的羊羔献在祭坛上,而是神完全的羔羊被钉死在十字架上。这个无罪的祭牲,叫我们的罪可以一次全部得赦免,所有相信祂的人都可以得到赦免。 

  太 26:29> 纵受挫折不难过,因为…… 

  26:29 耶稣再次坚固祂的门徒,祂将要胜过死亡,并且将来他们要与祂同在。接着的数小时内,他们表面上会受到挫折,但不久他们将会体验到圣灵的能力,并且见证福音迅速地传播出去。有一天,他们将会在神的新国度里再次聚集在一起。 %5 

  太 26:30> 26:30 门徒唱的诗歌很可能是诗篇 115 至 118 篇,唱这几篇传统的诗是逾越节筵席的一部分。 

  太 26:35> “总不能不认主”──对你而言,是一句维持颜面的话,还是真挚的体会…… 

  26:35 所有门徒都说愿意为耶稣而死,不会背弃祂,不过在数小时之后,他们全都逃走了。空谈是没有价值的,说献身基督很容易,但这些话惟有在大逼迫中经过考验后才有意义。你的信心有多强呢?是否能够在极严厉的考验中仍站立得稳呢? 

  逾越节筵席与客西马尼园 

  太 26:37-38> 我心里甚是忧伤,快要死了,耶稣你可会明白? 

  26:37-38 耶稣要面对快将来到的肉身之痛苦、与父神分离和为世人的罪而死,祂感到极度忧伤。这个神圣的计划已经安排了,但在人性之中,祂仍然会有挣扎(参来 5:7-9 )。因为祂曾经历极度的痛苦,所以能够明白我们的苦楚,祂顺服的能力是来自祂与父神的关系,也同样是我们能力的源头(参约 17:11 , 15-16 , 21 , 26 )。 

  太 26:39> 耶稣也蛮可怜的,何要照主的意思?你我不是有很多时候照己意而行吗? 

  26:39 耶稣祷告求苦杯离开祂,并不是违抗父神的旨意,其实,是再次坚定自己去完成神的旨意,祂说:“不要照我的意思,只要照你的意思。”祂的祈祷显明祂所受的是极可怕的痛苦,这痛苦比死亡更甚,因为当祂为所有的罪付上赎价时,祂要被迫与神分离。这个“杯”就是这种痛苦和分离。无罪的神子把我们的罪背负在自己身上,把我们从痛苦和与神分离中拯救出来。 

  太 26:39> 苦,有何难?照主意思去吃苦?主我…… 

  26:39 在苦难中的人常常希望知道前景如何,或者希望明白受苦的原因。耶稣知道前面的痛苦,也知道原因,但仍然痛苦挣扎,比我们面对的任何挣扎更厉害。是什么叫祂能够说:“照你的意思”呢?这是坚定信靠神的计划,在每一步的道路中都祈祷和顺服的结果。 

  太 26:40-41> 门徒在该警醒的时候“睡着”了,你可曾这样? 

  26:40-41 耶稣看到彼得沉睡,就提醒他试探快要来临。胜过试探的方法就是警醒和祷告。警醒的意思是对每个被试探的可能提高警觉,敏感到撒但的狡猾诡计,装备好灵性来对抗它。我们最脆弱的地方往往最容易被试探,我们不能单独抵抗它,必须靠着祷告支取神的能力,使我们可以抵挡撒但的攻击。 

  太 26:48> 犹大为何拣这时候出卖耶稣,拣其他时候不就不用受门徒的阻挠,奇怪…… 

  26:48 捉拿耶稣的并不是执行罗马法律的罗马士兵,而是宗教领袖。犹大告诉他们,他与“谁”亲嘴,就捉拿“谁”。犹大亲自出面指出耶稣来,并非因为那些人不认识耶稣;犹大本可以在耶稣任何一次的退修中带他们捉拿祂,就不会有祂的门徒阻挠了;他在这个公开的场合中指出耶稣,是因为他答应了在这次审讯中做正式的控告者。 

  太 26:51-53> 谁人这么冲动砍掉人家的耳朵?他为何这样做? 

  26:51-53 这个砍掉大祭司仆人耳朵的人就是彼得(参约 18:10 )。彼得尝试去保护这看来是失败的耶稣,并不明白为了得胜,耶稣必须要受死。但耶稣显示祂完全委身于父神的旨意,祂的国度不是靠用刀剑来拓展的,乃是靠着信心和顺服。 

  被出卖 

  太 26:57> 他们竟然这么急着要耶稣死,你看他们的行动…… 

  26:57 耶稣被捉后,先被带去见前任大祭司──该亚法的岳父亚拿,然后亚拿把耶稣押到该亚法的家里受审(参约 18:12-24 )。他们急于要完成这个审讯,在安息日之前把耶稣处死,当前只剩下不足二十四小时,宗教领袖就连夜聚集在该亚法家中,不等到日间在圣殿中会面了。 

  太 26:59> 公会,是一个什么样的组织? 

  26:59 公会是犹太人最高的宗教及政治的权力机关。虽然罗马控制以色列政府,但也给他们权力处理宗教和民事的争执,所以公会能议决很多影响日常生活的本地事务,但是死刑得有罗马政府许可才能执行(参约 18:31 )。 

  太 26:60-61> 拆掉后三日重建,耶稣这话是指着什么而说? 

  26:60-61 犹太公会企图寻找歪曲耶稣教训的见证人,他们终于找到两个见证人,把耶稣有关圣殿的话歪曲了(参约 2:19 ),指出耶稣曾说祂能拆毁圣殿──这是一个亵渎性的夸口。其实,耶稣说的是“你们拆毁这殿,我三日内要再建立起来。”当然,耶稣所指的是祂的身体,而不是建筑物。事实上,宗教领袖所做的,正如耶稣所说的:他们将祂的身体毁灭,然而三日后,祂却从死里复活。 

  太 26:64> 耶稣果敢地面对一切,若换了是你,可会不顾一切也要说真话? 

  26:64 耶稣确定地宣称祂的王权。当祂说自己就是神的儿子时,在场每一个人都知道祂在宣称自己是弥赛亚。祂知道这个宣称是祸端,却没有恐慌,反而平静、勇敢果断地面对一切。 

  太 26:65-66> 犹太人不承认耶稣说的话,你呢?可会犹豫不决? 

  26:65-66 大祭司指控耶稣犯了亵渎的罪──自称为神,对于犹太人来说这是极重的罪,亵渎者要被治死(参利 24:16 )。宗教领袖早已决定反对耶稣,根本不去考虑耶稣所说的话是真的,这样,他们就把自己和耶稣一并处死了。像这些犹太人一样,对耶稣所说的是亵渎的话还是真理,你必须作出决定,这决定会影响你到永远。 

  彼得 

  太 26:69-75> 不认耶稣?不可能!──且慢,回想一下,你曾否有这种想法? 

  26:69-75 彼得不认耶稣有三个阶段:( 1 )藉着转换话题来转移别人对他的注意;( 2 )起誓说不认识耶稣;( 3 )发咒起誓。信徒否认基督经常从模棱两可的态度开始,假装不认识祂;碰上讨论宗教的时候,就走开或假装不知道答案;只要压力大一些,就断然否定与基督的关系。你若发觉自己常常逃避谈及基督,那就要小心,你可能已经走上否认主的路了。 ──《灵修版圣经注释》