旧约 - 撒母耳记下(2 Samuel)第11章

In the spring, at the time when kings go off to war, David sent Joab out with the king's men and the whole Israelite army. They destroyed the Ammonites and besieged Rabbah. But David remained in Jerusalem.
One evening David got up from his bed and walked around on the roof of the palace. From the roof he saw a woman bathing. The woman was very beautiful,
and David sent someone to find out about her. The man said, "Isn't this Bathsheba, the daughter of Eliam and the wife of Uriah the Hittite?"
Then David sent messengers to get her. She came to him, and he slept with her. (She had purified herself from her uncleanness.) Then she went back home.
The woman conceived and sent word to David, saying, "I am pregnant."
So David sent this word to Joab: "Send me Uriah the Hittite." And Joab sent him to David.
When Uriah came to him, David asked him how Joab was, how the soldiers were and how the war was going.
Then David said to Uriah, "Go down to your house and wash your feet." So Uriah left the palace, and a gift from the king was sent after him.
But Uriah slept at the entrance to the palace with all his master's servants and did not go down to his house.
When David was told, "Uriah did not go home," he asked him, "Haven't you just come from a distance? Why didn't you go home?"
Uriah said to David, "The ark and Israel and Judah are staying in tents, and my master Joab and my lord's men are camped in the open fields. How could I go to my house to eat and drink and lie with my wife? As surely as you live, I will not do such a thing!"
Then David said to him, "Stay here one more day, and tomorrow I will send you back." So Uriah remained in Jerusalem that day and the next.
At David's invitation, he ate and drank with him, and David made him drunk. But in the evening Uriah went out to sleep on his mat among his master's servants; he did not go home.
In the morning David wrote a letter to Joab and sent it with Uriah.
In it he wrote, "Put Uriah in the front line where the fighting is fiercest. Then withdraw from him so he will be struck down and die."
So while Joab had the city under siege, he put Uriah at a place where he knew the strongest defenders were.
When the men of the city came out and fought against Joab, some of the men in David's army fell; moreover, Uriah the Hittite died.
Joab sent David a full account of the battle.
He instructed the messenger: "When you have finished giving the king this account of the battle,
the king's anger may flare up, and he may ask you, 'Why did you get so close to the city to fight? Didn't you know they would shoot arrows from the wall?
Who killed Abimelech son of Jerub-Besheth? Didn't a woman throw an upper millstone on him from the wall, so that he died in Thebez? Why did you get so close to the wall?' If he asks you this, then say to him, 'Also, your servant Uriah the Hittite is dead.'"
The messenger set out, and when he arrived he told David everything Joab had sent him to say.
The messenger said to David, "The men overpowered us and came out against us in the open, but we drove them back to the entrance to the city gate.
Then the archers shot arrows at your servants from the wall, and some of the king's men died. Moreover, your servant Uriah the Hittite is dead."
David told the messenger, "Say this to Joab: 'Don't let this upset you; the sword devours one as well as another. Press the attack against the city and destroy it.' Say this to encourage Joab."
When Uriah's wife heard that her husband was dead, she mourned for him.
After the time of mourning was over, David had her brought to his house, and she became his wife and bore him a son. But the thing David had done displeased the LORD.
撒母耳记下第十一章   第 11 章 

  撒下 11:1> 出战的时候究竟是指什么日子? 

  11:1 以色列人的冬季是雨季,农夫种下五谷。春天则宜于出征,因为道路干爽,军队便于调动,有车辆供应粮草,在路上容易行走。在以色列大麦小麦都在春季收割,而谷物是行军必备的粮食。 

  撒下 11:1> 亚扪人终于被征服了…… 

  11:1 这次以色列人对拉巴围攻顺利( 12:26-27 ),消灭了亚扪的兵力,使他们从此臣服于以色列。 

  撒下 11:1-12:15> 罪如同泥沼,越往前行只会越陷越深。今天我的脚是否同样踏进了这泥沼之中? 

  11:1-12:15 大卫因与拔示巴的事深陷罪中:( 1 )留在后方,不上前线作战,放下本分不顾( 11:1 )。( 2 )只顾自己的私欲( 11:3 )。( 3 )试探来到,却留连欣赏,没有避开( 11:4 )。( 4 )故意犯罪( 11:4 )。( 5 )为遮掩奸淫罪而欺骗别人( 11:6-15 )。( 6 )因继续遮掩而犯了杀人罪( 11:15 , 17 )。他的罪到以后还是包不住( 12:9 ),且受到惩罚( 12:10-14 )。( 7 )他犯罪的后果影响深远,牵连甚广( 11:17 ; 12:11 , 14-15 )。 

  大卫在这件事上,本可以随时停下来离弃罪恶。不过罪一开始以后,就难以停止(参雅 1:14-15 )。我们越是深陷罪坑之中,越不愿意承认局面是由自己一手造成的。正如一个人从山顶滑下来,想在途中停下来是何等困难。所以最好的解决方法就是根本不沾罪的边。 

  撒下 11:3> 11:3 参看列王纪上第一章对拔示巴的人物介绍。 

  撒下 11:3-4> 试探犹如星星之火,稍一纵容便可燎原,逃避试探的良方何在? 

  11:3-4 大卫从王宫的平顶上,看见一个美丽的妇人沐浴,大起色心;他本应当离开这平顶,逃避试探,可是他却禁不住引诱拔示巴,陷于试探中,后果便不堪设想。 

  想逃避试探就要:( 1 )恳切地祷告,求神帮助你远离可能试探你的人、地方与机会。( 2 )默想那些针对你特有弱点的经文。大多数试探的根源都是神所能满足的人的需要和切望,只是我们必须信靠祂所定的时间。( 3 )找另一位知己的基督徒,把内心的挣扎、苦楚,向他毫无隐讳地吐露,在你遇到试探的时候,要求他帮助。 

  撒下 11:4> 这节经文暗示了什么? 

  11:4 “她的月经才得洁净”,是指拔示巴在月经以后,刚完成洁净的礼仪。所以大卫与她同寝时,她不可能已经从自己丈夫怀了身孕。利未记提到妇女行洁净礼时的详细规例。(参利 15:19-30 ) 

  撒下 11:15> 在眼前的利害关系与背后的道德原则之间,要挣扎求抉择,真的不是件容易的事情…… 

  11:15 大卫使拔示巴与约押陷于困境。拔示巴知道通奸是错的,不过,如果拒绝王的要求,就会受罚或被杀。约押不明白何以必须要乌利亚死,但那明显是王要他阵亡。我们有时面对进退两难的处境;在这种情形之下,不可忽略神的旨意──寻出既不犯罪又能荣耀神的出路。 

  撒下 11:25> 罪把一个英名之君变为奸险小人,这种可怕能不叫我谨之慎之吗? 

  11:25 大卫听到乌利亚的死讯,知道奸计得逞,可是还说些敷衍的话勉励约押。大卫曾为扫罗与押尼珥的死亡深深哀恸( 1:3 ; 3:31-39 ),现在对失去忠勇的乌利亚──一位属灵勇士,反而毫不痛心。这是什么缘故?原因在于他对自己的罪麻木了,不再为犯罪内疚,所以为了遮掩自己所犯的奸淫罪,定出下策──再次犯罪。靠感觉来判定是非,大卫便一再犯罪,以致对神的律法、对别人的权利都麻木不仁、毫无感觉。你越是想遮掩罪过,你对罪会越不敏感。不要像大卫那样硬着心去犯罪;在你失去分辨罪恶的能力以前,要先向神认罪。──《灵修版圣经注释》